Treatments Of Alcoholism Essay - 1826 Words

Treatments of Alcoholism Alcoholism can destroy the life of an alcoholic and devastate the alcoholics family. But it also has overwhelming consequences for society. Consider these statistics from the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence: *In 1988, alcoholism and problems related to it nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;cost the United States an estimated $85.8 billion in mortality and reduced productivity; *Fetal alcohol syndrome, caused by a womans drinking during pregnancy, afflicts five thousand infants a year; it costs about $1.4 billion annually to treat the infants, children and adults afflicted with FAS; *More than twenty thousand people die annually in alcohol related car accidents. (Institute of Medicine, 1989)†¦show more content†¦The Health Recovery Center (HRC) in Minneapolis claims a 74 percent success rate (patients still sober one year later) and differs from conventional programsin several significant ways. First, it focuses on uncovering and treating physiological imbalances that may be causing alcohol cravings and throwing the entire body out of whack. For example: hypoglycemia is a common imbalance found in up to three quarters of alcoholics. The centers philosophy is simple quot;Until the body begins getting the essential nutrients it needs, recovery cannot begin.quot; (Ewing, 1978) They believe that no amount of talk will stop the cravings, anxiety, depression, mental confusion and fatigue that result from alcohols biochemical and neurochemical damage. quot;There is not time to obsess over past traumas when youre dying of a major disease. Why do people persist in believing that the damage done by excess ingestion of alcohol can be undone wi th psychological methods alone?quot; (Ewing, 1978) The Health Recovery Center is devo ted to the restoration of bodies, minds and spirits that have been ravaged by alcohol. Such restoration begins the moment a new patient walks through the door. After the staff physician takes a thorough medical history and performs the initial physical exam, the patient is hooked up to an IV solution, out of whichShow MoreRelatedFactors, Symptoms and Treatment of Alcoholism Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesAlcoholism is a chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors. The disease is often progressive and fatal if left untreated. It is characterized by impaired control over alcohol use despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking. There are critics who disagree with calling Alcoholism a disease despite the definition on the word disease which means an involuntary disability but the fact that alcoholism is a disease is widely accepted within the medical and scientificRead MoreAlcoholism-The Need for Improvement of Alcohol Treatment Programs574 Words   |  3 Pagesstudents, and adults. The word alcoholic means anyone who is affected by drinking, and seriously influences or interferes with his/her work, family, or health (Alcoholic. 2009Merriam-Webster Dictionary) Alcoholism is a disease, and one of the worst to have. Over nine million Americans have alcoholism (Harris, 2000). Programs, such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), have a very high failure rate. About 90% to be more accurate. Very few alcoholics make it successfully through AA, leaving little chance forRead More Alcohol and Drinking - Treatments for Alcoholism Essay examples1903 Words   |  8 PagesTreatments for Alcoholism      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Where can alcoholics receive help? â€Å"Hospitals, psychiatric agencies, public-welfare departments, and social agencies, among others are often reluctant to provide care and treatment for problem drinkers† (Plaut, 53). Although it is difficult to help these problems drinkers, many people will give all they can to help these problem drinkers. â€Å"The provision of treatment to problem drinkers is complicated because they differ from one to another in so many ways†Read MoreChildhood Alcoholism And The Effect Of The 12 Step Program For Alcoholics Anonymous As A Form Of Treatment1147 Words   |  5 PagesJane Kwon PSY 4470 June 5, 2015 Research Paper Alcoholism is a growing problem in the United States. It can, and oftentimes does, result in illnesses and deaths. â€Å"Alcohol is the world’s third largest risk factor for disease and contributes to 4 [percent] of the global burden of disease† (Marshall, 2014). In relation to alcoholism, specifically adolescent alcoholism is a growing concern in the United States. The age at which young people are starting to experiment with alcohol is younger than everRead MoreAlcoholism : The Misuse And Addiction1361 Words   |  6 PagesAlcoholism: The Misuse and Addiction â€Å"I know my limit†, â€Å"Just one more drink†, and â€Å"I’m not drunk† are common phrases people often associate with being an alcoholic. While is true that some alcoholics can use such phrases, that is not what makes them an alcoholic. Alcoholics or rather anyone who happens to drink a little too much, are marked as being alcoholics. But what does it really mean to be an alcoholic? Or better yet, what does it mean to suffer from Alcoholism? Over the years, a controversialRead MoreAlcoholism : Alcoholism And Drug Dependence1054 Words   |  5 PagesAlcoholism is a problem affecting millions of families around the world. Based on the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence Inc., Alcoholism is considered a family disease due to the amount of stress that family members go through (NCADD, 2016). Alcoholism is an addiction that requires treatment and support from family members and friends. It is important, to understand the effects that alcoholism can bring to the alcoholic and to the family members. Some of these effects cause healthRead MoreAlcoholism : Is Alcoholism A Disease?929 Words   |  4 PagesAlcoholism has raised many debates over the truth of its nature. Many scholars argue that alcoholism can be treated as a disease. Such approach to defining alcoholism means denying that alcohol abusers own a choice. In consequence, the treatment related differs and may or may not actually help alcoholics recover . A wrong diagnostic of this addiction can lead to serious health issues; therefore, it is vital to answer the following question: Is alcoholism a disease? Most experts in this field criticisesRead MoreIs Alcoholism a Disease?691 Words   |  3 PagesAlcoholism as a disease? Alcoholism today is not considered as a moral failure, majority of the people view it as a disease. Alcoholism is a chronic primary and progressive disease and it can also be fatal in some instances. It is termed as a chemical disease as it breaks down in the stomach as well as bringing a different effect on the brain of the alcoholic as compared to a non-alcoholic. Alcoholism can be classified as a biological disease since the chemical predisposition of alcohol consumptionRead MoreThe Problem Of Alcoholism And Alcoholism1539 Words   |  7 PagesAlcoholism proves to be a leading cause of brain damage and body malfunction all across America, ultimately endangering your life and the ones around you, but overcoming alcoholism seems to be a harder obstacle to overcome because this addictive drug imprints denial on your brain and makes you think you can stop drinking whenever you want. Denial is one of the hardest hurdles to jump over to getting help for alcoholism and abuse. The desir e to drink is so strong that the mind finds ways to rationalizeRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcoholism On The Alcoholic874 Words   |  4 PagesThe best way to fix alcoholism is to treat it as a disease that needs to be cured. Alcoholism is definitely a problem and causes harm to both the alcoholic and the people around them, but it does so in a much different way than a disease such as cancer. Instead, alcoholism is a disease of both physical and mental dependence. Most diseases are treated by surgery or medication, but the only way to fix the problem of alcohol abuse is by changing the mindset of the alcoholic. This is why Hazelden

Positioning Strategies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 419 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/14 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? POSITIONING STRATEGIES Positioning refers to creating a favourable image in the mind of the customers so that they perceive the product or a service to be better than that of its competitors. It is also occupying the mind, heart, body and wallet space of customers in the selected target market segment through differential advantage higher than rivals in an irreplaceable way by converting differential advantage into sustainable differential advantage. Positioning is not so much what a product actually is but rather how the company wants its target customers to perceive it. A company can choose from a number of different strategies. DIFFERENT POSITIONING STRATEGIES 1) Positioning by Attribute:- Associating a product with a particular feature. (i) ACE : â€Å"Small is Big. † (ii) Pril : â€Å"Pril clean. Full clean. † (iii) (iv) Positioning by Benefits:- Associating a product with a special customer benefit. (i) SERVO : â€Å"100% PERFORMANCE. EVERY TIME. † (ii) Angel Broking : â€Å"Service Truly Personalised† (iii) Pepsodent G : â€Å"MAKES GUMS HEALTHIER. FIGHTS GERM LONGER. † (v) Positioning by Use or Application:- Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Positioning Strategies" essay for you Create order Associating a product with a specific use or particular application. (i) Surf Excel : â€Å"Surf Excel hena! † (ii) Clinic All Clear : â€Å"Dare to wear Black† (iii) (vi) Positioning by User:- Associating a product with a user or a class of user. (i) BREITLING : â€Å"INSTRUMENTS FOR PROFESSIONALS† (ii) Raymond : â€Å"The Complete Man† (iii) Palio Stile : â€Å"The Fiat of the new generation† (vii) Positioning by Competitor:- Identifying a prouct by using a competitor as reference. (i) IIFL : â€Å"KNOWLEDGE IS THE EDGE† ii) (viii) Positioning by Product Category:- Positioning the product against other products that, while not exactly the same, provide the same class of benefits. (i) Mercedes-Benz: â€Å"The best or nothing. † (ix) Positioning by Quality and Price:- Positioning by price and quality can be done in two ways:- One way to do it is with ads that reflect the image of a high-quality brand where cost, while not irrelevant, i s considered secondary to the quality benefits derived from using the brand. Premium brands positioned at the high end of the market use this approach to positioning Another way to use price/ quality characteristics for positioning is to focus on the quality or value offered by the brand at a very competitive price. Although price is an important consideration, the product quality must be comparable to, or even better than, competing brands for the positioning strategy to be effective. (i) Parle Bisleri: â€Å"Bada Bisleri, same price† (ii) CAMRY: â€Å"Beyond excellence† (iii) BIG BAZAAR: â€Å"Is se sasta aur accha aur kahin nahi! †

Characters Tell The Story. When Plays Start Off You Never

Characters Tell the Story When plays start off you never know what is going to happen. People only see the characters and the way they act. The play writer wants people to feel the emotion and the tension between the actors and actress. People watching plays like mystery, comedy, and romance novel. The goal of a play is to entertain and show the audience a story that they will enjoy. In the play â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell, the characters are not like the modern characters. These characters are people of the early years, and they are showing that men have a little more power than women do now. The play starts off telling of a murder and soon the character’s actions begin to unfold. The men of this play are speaking to the women†¦show more content†¦Mrs. Helmer is a woman that likes to spend money and is wanting to give her family a life that they will love. The outside world does not seem to be known to Mrs. Helmer but she has experience in it. She seems happy but deep down she has no clue how long it has been since she loved her husband. She speaks to her husband with love, but he speaks to her in an ill manner. In the play, Mr. Helmer says, â€Å"See! You see! I was right all along that we shouldn’t stayed longer,† he is putting her down and saying he is the only one right and she does nothing right. They have a relationship that is good and bad throughout the play. Mr. Helmer is a husband of authority and treats Nora as a child rather than an equal. He states that she is a play doll and only worried about his place in society. In the play, Dr. Rank is a of friend of the family and soon tells of Nora of him being sick instead of Mr. Helmer. He is very serious about society and does not like joking. Mr. Krogstad is a lawyer and is rotten to the root. He tries contradicting his way back into his job and blackmailing Nora to get his way. Mrs. Linde is an odd friend of Mrs. Helmer and she has just lost her husband. She is a very polite lady and gives thanks to the job Mr. Helmer gave her. The story ends in the wife finally leaving her husband and remember that she is not a doll house. In the play â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun,† by LorraineShow MoreRelatedEducating Rita Compare and Contrast1412 Words   |  6 PagesRussell. The play was inspired by Russells experiences at evening classes. Much of the comedy arises from Ritas fresh, unschooled reaction to the classics of English literature. But she is never patronized by the Russell, who recognizes from his own experience that education is a means of escape from ones own circumstances. Educating Rita takes the lives of two people on the opposite ends of the social spectrum and brings them together in the pursuit of education. It is a small intimate play, but itRead MoreAnalysis Of Menaechmus And Comedy Of Errors955 Words   |  4 PagesGreek comedies into plays meant for a Roman audience. Plautus’ The Brothers of Menaechmus, became a sou rce for Shakespeare’s’ play, Comedy of Errors. Shakespeare expands the story line of The Brothers of Menaechmus for his Comedy of Errors. Plautus’ play, The Brothers Menaechmus, heavily influenced Shakespeare’s play Comedy of Errors. First, The Brothers of Menaechmus begins with a humorous prologue performed by an unknown character who directly addresses the audience. Plautus starts the prologue withRead MoreThe Reapers Image1149 Words   |  5 PagesThe Reapers Image This story is about two men who were transporting an antique mirrow from the first floor of an old museum to the fifth. Their names were Spangler and Carlin. This mirror had a history of being haunted, and some people would look into the mirror and see a hooded figure standing behind them. This figure was presumed to be Death, and whenever someone would see this figure they were never seen again. 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(Atwood 3) This starts off the story as she will continue to look back into her past, and what events made her who she is right now. She also quotes Y ou don t look back along time but down through it, like water. (3) This sets up the entire story as she proclaims that she isn t looking at her past as if it sRead MoreHarveys Dream and Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?1707 Words   |  7 PagesSneaky Similarities The pair of short stories I will be analyzing and comparing is â€Å"Harvey’s Dream† by Stephen King, and â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† by Joyce Carol Oates. These two stories are similar in many ways, and they can be compared critically based on their diction, point of view, similarities in narration, characterization, tone, et cetera. Though the stories are from different authors and have different plots, by comparing their literary techniques, their similaritiesRead MoreGlaspell s Trifles And The Invisibility Of Women1490 Words   |  6 PagesGlaspell’s Trifles and the Invisibility of Women Susan Glaspell’s play Trifles and Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House are plays that explore a number of important features of femininity and life as a woman. Trifles explores a number of thematic ideas surrounding a woman’s place and her propensity for violence. The Author explores a thematic idea that centers on the proper dispensation of justice: Glaspell critically investigates the question of whether an individual can truly receive justice fromRead MoreThe Role Of Female Characters In Hamlet1347 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet is a play about death, revenge, and love. Written by William Shakespeare, this play is famous around the world for its dramatic plot. The central theme of Hamlet is love. 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Using more large new innovations in the theatre, Sophocles added more than two characters into his plays, resulting in more in depth characters and intricateRead MoreAnalysis Of Kenneth Branagh s Hamlet1044 Words   |  5 Pagesbased upon a play that was written four hundred years ago by a brilliant writer named William Shakespeare. The one person who I felt caught every line and scene was Kenneth Branagh’s Hamlet. Adapting even the works of the great William Shakespeare is a daunting task, but it takes the right mind of a director and writer to fully capture his imagination onto the big screen or on stage. If you do not know who that person is, you must be living under a rock. Literally. One of his great plays, The Merchant

Impact of Oil Revenues on OPEC Members Macroeconomy

Question: a) Identify the nature of resource cost structure and the practical significance of different costs; b) Explain the factors influencing optimum size and the significance of demand and supply relationships; c) Demonstrate an understanding of the relevance and limitations of economic theory to management decisions.? Answer: Introduction The main aim of the study is to analyze that how the oil prices have an impact on the aggregate supply of an economy. Here, Russia has been taken into consideration. The fast and the steady increase of the prices of the oil in between the years 2002-2008 and a large fall of the prices have a great impact on the energy prices. Al-mulali and Che Sab (2012) puts forward since the last two periods, the prices of the oil have increased at a higher rate. The rapid decrease in the prices of the oil benefits the oil importing nations and on the other hand, is disadvantageous for the exporters of the oil. The Russian economy is literally dependent on crude oil ranging between $100-115/barrel which leads to engage into severe problems. But the prices of crude oil have dropped below $80 in the past few years which seems to have typically impacted on Russian economy. The lower level of the energy prices reduces the cost of the production and ultimately causes an increase in the aggregate supply. This shows that the change in the energy price will ultimately have an impact on the business sectors regarding the production and the supply in the short run. Fall in the oil prices The shocks in the oil prices have been caused due to two factors like: OPECs Decision to control the output The wars As per the economic theory, the decrease in the prices of the oil causes the aggregate supply to shift in an upward direction that is to the left. This shows that the aggregate supply will increase and there will be a reduction in the price level (Alom, 2015). At the same time, Alom, (2015) has mentioned that technical fracking is also a considerable approach that estimates in creating trouble in rendering the fall in the oil price. Apart from fuel, petroleum is also used as a medium of energy in several countries. But it is needed to be mentioned with increase in the use of renewable energy in the different countries, demand is oil is slowing down (Azar, 2013). War in most of the Middle East countries has also enabled the oil price to be dropped seriously. It has a cohesive effect on a judgmental factor that analyzes better prodigality in this matter. If the oil price of one of the exporting country falls, then it will lead to the profit of the importing countries as they can be able to procure oil with the lesser amount of foreign currency. The main reason for the fall in the oil prices is that the Russia as it wants to protect their domestic production of the oil. At the same time, it has also wants to safeguard their economy form the foreign attacks. The fall in the price level hampers the investment on the greener pattern of the energy like the cars. On the other hand, the fall in the oil price levels ultimately increases the cost of the environment (Nwosa, 2014). The research studies show that the crude oil prices have been decreased by 50% in the recent periods. The fall in the oil prices, have a huge impact in reducing the cost of transport and the cost of the business. Figure 1: Crude oil prices (Source: Latosov, Volkova and Siirde, 2011, p.140) To analyze through the economic theory, with the dwindling price of oil shifting of to downwards is essential. Along with the other countries Russia exports oil to Italy. Once the price of the oil drops, it becomes critical for the importing countries to handle this approach. Foreign currencies are not as in an esteemed factor that puts its effect on procuring the price. During the recent years, according to the study of Enders and Jones (2015), there has been a drop as much as 50% in the price of the crude oil. A) Impact of Decreasing Oil Price on Russian Economy: The cost of living of the customers declines due to the lower prices of the oil. At the same time Enders and Jones (2015) highlighted that, it will also reduce the transportation cost and in this case, the inflation rate will be lower. This is one of the reason for which the rate of inflation in UK have been decreased to 1.2%. If the real wages is fixed and constant, then the customers have the higher level of income in their hands to spend. This will help the customers to spend more amount of their income on the other products. As per the words of Ben Sita and Abosedra (2013), it is just like the tax cut, which will ultimately increase the value of GDP. The fall in the crude oil prices, have also some of the impacts on the macroeconomics. This will have the two impacts on the economy. Firstly, it will lower the inflation rate in the economy, but on the other hand it will also help in the generation of the higher output within the economy. B) Discussing AS and fall of Oil Price from Russian Economic Viewpoint: Figure 2: Aggregate supply curve (Source: Designed by researcher) The above diagram highlights that the reduction in the oil prices and the cost of the firms shifts the aggregate supply in the rightward direction, which lowers the rate of the inflation and increasing the GDP. Some of the economists like Freedenberg et al. (2014) have shown that the fall of the prices of the oil is ultimately leading to the increase of GDP by 0.1%. OX in the previous design stands for GDP whereas OY is the price level. SRAS1 and SRAS2 = average supply curve appears to be delineated from the short run point of view. Shift from the aggregate supply towards the right projects inflation and hike in GDP Russia. Price level is the most outrageous approach that help in determining exporting nations generating better revenue. Tax revenue funded for a project is also detrimental in this approach that states the revenue the government is spending is funded. The fall in the prices of the oil had very bad impact on the exporters and in this case, the oil exporters funded the government spending. For example, it has been observed that Russia has gained the tax revenue of around 70%. The fall in the prices of the oil, will ultimately leads to the deficit in the budget of the government or it will require the higher rate of the taxes or the cuts in the government spending. Gayfullina and Nizamova (2015) have shown that the other oil exporting countries like Venezuela now days are dependent on the revenues that have been generated by the process of oil production so that the social expenses can be funded properly. Other oil exporting countries like Saudi Arabia and UAE have been building the adequate amount of the foreign exchange reserves so that they can be able to afford the fall in the oil prices in order to generate the revenues. This is the reason for which Saudi Arabia have not responded due to the cut of the output. The fall in the prices of the crude oil weakens the global economy and at the same time reduces the demand. Komijani, Naderi and Gandali Alikhani (2014) critically analyzed the weakness of the global economy, which ultimately hampers the recovery of the economy. Figure 3: Inflation Rate (Source: Nwosa, 2014, p.70) C) Impact of AS on Russian Economy: Latosov, Volkova and Siirde (2011) have shown that fall in the oil prices relieve the consumers to some extent who have the higher amount of flexible income. However, if the deflation is given and if the confidence of the consumers is low then in that case, the customers will save rather than spending the amount on the goods and the services. The main problem is that if the Eurozone made an entry in the deflation, then in that case, it will ultimately lead to the long-term constant growth and it will be bad, as it will ultimately reduce the GDP debt ratios (Nazlioglu and Soytas, 2011). The fall in the prices of the crude oil, have ultimately leads to the fall taken together price level within the economy (deflation). This ultimately leads to the different macroeconomic problems. The problems are the less expenditure on the goods and the services and investment by the consumer. At the same time, it also creates the other problems like increasing the burden of the debt, for the Eurozone economies. Figure 4: Crude Oil prices (Source: Nazlioglu and Soytas, 2011, p.494) In many cases, it has been observed that the customers of UK have welcomed the low prices of the crude oil, as it will ultimately increase their disposable income. At the same time, it will also helps in the strengthening of the economy. For this reason, the Consumer Price Index have been reduced and thus for this reason, the Bank of England delayed their rise in the interest rate (Frydenberg et al. 2014). Russia depends on income that has been generated by exporting the crude oil to the other countries. The research studies shows that around $825 US billion dollars have been generated by the Russia and as the price rate of the oils have been continuously decreasing, the market share of the oil exporting countries have also been reducing at a faster rate. For this reason, the Russia has been suffering from different kinds of the internal problems and in many cases; they are struggling hard in order to satisfy the members (Nazlioglu and Soytas, 2011). Conclusion From the entire chapter, it can be seen that in future there will be an upward pressure on the price of the oil. On the other hand, there will be problem for the transportation. Therefore, in that case, the vehicles need to be fueled by the other sources of the energy that is the renewable sources of energy other than the crude oil. Therefore, it is to be recommended that the energy efficient policies need to be incorporated for the efficient purposes. In the future, the importing countries will be benefited due to the falling oil prices and in this case, the demand will rise. As demand rise, the supplier will increase the oil prices due to shortage of oil. This increase in the price of the oil will contribute to stagflation. Reference List Almulali, U. and Sab, C. (2013). Exploring the impact of oil revenues on OPEC members' macroeconomy.OPEC Energy Review, 37(4), pp.416-428. Al-mulali, U. and Che Sab, C. (2012). Oil prices and the real exchange rate in oil-exporting countries.OPEC Energy Review, 36(4), pp.375-382. Alom, F. (2015). Do crude oil prices spillover food prices? Evidence for Asia and Pacific countries.IJETP, 11(1), p.68. Azar, S. (2013). Oil prices, US inflation, US money supply and the US dollar.OPEC Energy Review, 37(4), pp.387-415. Ben Sita, B. and Abosedra, S. (2013). Causality-in-variance of prices of oil products.OPEC Energy Review, 37(4), pp.373-386. Enders, W. and Jones, P. (2015). Grain prices, oil prices, and multiple smooth breaks in a VAR.Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics Econometrics, 0(0). Frydenberg, S., Onochie, J., Westgaard, S., Midtsund, N. and Ueland, H. (2014). Long-term relationships between electricity and oil, gas and coal future prices-evidence from Nordic countries, Continental Europe and the United Kingdom.OPEC Energy Review, 38(2), pp.216-242. Gayfullina, M. and Nizamova, G. (2015). PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF MEMBER COUNTRIES OF OPEC.OGBUS, (2), pp.339-356. Komijani, A., Naderi, E. and Gandali Alikhani, N. (2014). A hybrid approach for forecasting of oil prices volatility.OPEC Energy Review, 38(3), pp.323-340. Latov, E., VOLKOVA, A. and SIIRDE, A. (2011). THE IMPACT OF SUBSIDY MECHANISMS ON BIOMASS AND OIL SHALE BASED ELECTRICITY COST PRICES.Oil Shale, 28(1S), p.140. Nazlioglu, S. and Soytas, U. (2011). World oil prices and agricultural commodity prices: Evidence from an emerging market.Energy Economics, 33(3), pp.488-496. Nwosa, P. (2014). Oil prices and stock market price in Nigeria.OPEC Energy Review, 38(1), pp.59-74.